Salpingectomy
Salpingectomy refers to the surgical removal of a Fallopian tube. It is often related to tubal pregnancies and is a procedure that is preferred over its ovarian tube-sparing counterparts due to the high rate of recurrence in said ectopic pregnancies.
Salpingectomy is different from a salpingostomy and salpingotomy. The latter two terms are often used interchangeably and refer to creating an opening into the tube (e.g. to remove an ectopic pregnancy), but the tube itself is not removed. Technically, the creation of a new tubal opening (os) by surgery would be a salpingostomy, while the incision into the tube to remove an ectopic is a salpingotomy.
Process
Salpingectomy has traditionally been done via a laparotomy; more recently, however, laparoscopic salpingectomies have become more common as part of minimally invasive surgery. The tube is severed at the point where it enters the uterus and along its mesenteric edge with hemostatic control.
History
Salpingectomies were performed in the United States in the early 20th century in accordance with eugenics legislation. From Buck v. Bell (1927):
- The Virginia statute providing for the sexual sterilization of inmates of institutions supported by the State who shall be found to be afflicted with a hereditary form of insanity or imbecility, is within the power of the State under the Fourteenth Amendment.
Buck v. Bell while not expressly overturned, was implicitly overturned by Skinner v. Oklahoma (1942), in which the Court held that a person's choices whether to aid in the propagation of the human species were a cognizable fundamental right guaranteed under the 14th Amendment of the Constitution, liberty retained by the people under the 9th Amendment of the Constitution.
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