Linda Lovelace
- This article is about a deceased porn star
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Linda Susan Boreman (January 10, 1949 - April 22, 2002), better known by her stage name] Linda Lovelace, was a pornographic actress in the 1972 film Deep Throat, who went on to leave the pornography industry and became a spokeswoman for the anti-pornography movement.
Deep Throat was notable for beginning a brief fad of porn chic; it was also the inspiration for Bob Woodward's name of his secret Watergate source, W. Mark Felt. Boreman later stated that she regretted her pornographic career and had been violently coerced into pornography by her then-husband, Chuck Traynor; she also renounced her stage name and reverted to using her real name in public. The popularity of the film, however, made her a cultural pop-icon against her will, appearing in archive footage in many other films.
Although she later became an advocate against pornography, Boreman is still famous for her depictions of deep-throat fellatio. While she continued to use the Lovelace name for commercial purposes, the first sentence of Boreman's book, Ordeal, and a statement she repeated for the rest of her life, was "My name is not Linda Lovelace."
Biography
Childhood and teenage years
Boreman attended Catholic schools, including St. John the Baptist in Yonkers, New York, and Maria Regina High School in Hartsdale, New York. Her father was a policeman. From an early age she was subject to strict discipline from her mother, a devout Roman Catholic who punished her for any misbehavior. When Boreman was 16, the family moved to Florida. In school, she was nicknamed "Miss Holy Holy" because she kept her dates at a safe distance. However, in her autobiography "Ordeal" (1980) and in the television show E! True Hollywood Story (2000), she revealed that she had given birth to an out-of-wedlock son when she was 20 years old in 1969, and that her mother put him up for adoption. Boreman mistakenly thought that the child was being put in foster care until she was ready to care for him and was heartbroken when she found out that she would never see him again. She moved to New York to start a new life in 1970. While there, she was involved in a devastating car accident that required a blood transfusion. She moved back to Florida to recover.
Pornography career
While in Florida, recovering at her parents' place, Boreman met Chuck Traynor, and became involved with him in 1969. The couple moved back to New York that same year, where Traynor became by turns her manager, pimp, and husband. (Boreman later wrote that Traynor had decided to get married so that spousal privilege would prevent her from being compelled to testify against him in court.)
Before achieving fame, Boreman starred in a number of hardcore "stag" short features, including a bestiality film in 1969 called Dog Fucker or "Dogarama". She later denied doing this, only to have several of the 8-mm "loops" become available to prove otherwise.
In 1972, Boreman starred in Deep Throat, perhaps the most financially successful pornographic movie in history. Boreman maintained that she received no money for appearing in Deep Throat, and that the $1,250 for her appearance was taken by Traynor. In Deep Throat all her pubic hair was shaved off and she engaged in anal sex — neither was common in pornographic films of the early 1970s.
After the success of Deep Throat she starred in several softcore movies, which flopped (she maintained in her book Ordeal that Deep Throat was her only porno, and any other pornos in which she "appeared" were footage from that). She also appeared in Playboy, Bachelor, and Esquire magazine between 1973 and 1974. Boreman attempted to break into stage and "legitimate" movies but found it difficult to overcome the stigma of her pornographic career.
In January 1974, Boreman was arrested for possession of cocaine and amphetamines. Also that year, Boreman published two pro-pornography biographies. In her later suit to divorce Traynor, she claimed that Traynor had forced her into pornography at gunpoint and that in Deep Throat itself, bruises from his beatings can be seen on her legs. Traynor would go on to marry and guide the career of Marilyn Chambers, another major porn star. Boreman claimed in her 1980 autobiography Ordeal that the couple's relationship was plagued by violence, rape, forced prostitution and private pornography. Many of the assertions made in the book, however, particularly claims of rape and threats of violence at gunpoint, are contested by other parties who would have been involved or would have witnessed the alleged acts.
In 1974, Boreman married Larry Marchiano and they had two children, Dominic in 1977 and Lindsey in 1980.
Family and friends reaction
Her immediate family were surprised and outraged that she was involved in porn. There was a sense of denial as Linda's sister Barbara Boreman desribes it in Inside Deep Throat. Barbara reads 'Ode To Linda' in this movie about the family's feelings regarding Linda. It appears to sum up their feelings quite well:
- "Linda, yours is no disgrace
- We intend to enlighten your face.
- You got tied up in a tide of porn,
- a sign of your times onto which you were born.
- It sweept the country in 72,
- but we all know that it was not you.
- Shatter to the moutains, the ocean, the sea,
- we only want to let you be.
- If all could truly be undone,
- the underworld would have no fun.
- Your body broken from all of this,
- let your children mend it with a tender kiss.
- Your soul decomposed beyond repair,
- it is now time to clean the air.
- No longer that slave of long ago,
- you are still are Linda, and we love you so."
Anti-pornography activism
With the publication of Ordeal in 1980, Boreman joined the feminist anti-pornography movement; at the press conference announcing Ordeal and making her charges against Traynor public, she was joined by supporters Andrea Dworkin, Catharine MacKinnon, Gloria Steinem, and members of Women Against Pornography. She spoke out against pornography, drawing from what she stated were her own experiences of coercion and abuse, for feminist groups, at colleges, and before government hearings on pornography, provoking an intense controversy over both her charges and her objections to the pornography industry as a whole. Pornographer and writer Hart Williams coined the term "Linda Syndrome" to refer to women who leave pornography and repudiate their past career by condemning the industry.
In 1986, Boreman published Out of Bondage, another memoir focusing on her life after 1974. She testified before the 1986 Attorney General's Commission on Pornography in New York City, stating that "When you see the movie Deep Throat, you are watching me being raped. It is a crime that movie is still showing; there was a gun to my head the entire time." Following Boreman's testimony for the Meese Commission, Boreman gave lectures on college campuses and elsewhere, decrying what she described as callous and exploitative practices of the pornography industry.
Later career and death
She contracted Hepatitis from the blood transfusion in 1970 as a result of the car accident. In 1987, this required her to undergo a liver transplant. In 1996, Boreman divorced Larry Marchiano. In 2000, she was featured on the E! Entertainment Network's "True Hollywood Story". In 2001, Boreman did a pictorial, as Linda Lovelace, for the magazine Leg Show. She contended that she did not object to this because "there's nothing wrong with looking sexy as long as it's done with taste." Subsequently, Hustler named her the "Asshole of the Month" for March 2001.
On April 3, 2002, Boreman lost control of her car, which rolled twice. She suffered massive physical trauma and internal injuries. On April 22, 2002 she was taken off life support and died in Denver, Colorado, aged 53. Her ex-husband, Larry Marchiano, and their two adult children Dominic Marchiano and Lindsay Marchiano were at the hospital when she died.
Despite the fact that Deep Throat was supposedly one of the most profitable pornographic film ever made, Lovelace received no royalties or residuals and died poor. The film is said to have cost $25,000 to make and to have brought in an estimated $600 million worldwide. The latter number, however, is disputed, as elements of the Mafia are said to have controlled the rights to and the distribution of the film and an accurate accounting has never been made.
Filmography
- Dog Fucker a.k.a. Dogarama (1969)
- Deep Throat (1972)
- Exotic French Fantasies (1974)
- The Confessions of Linda Lovelace (1974)
- The 46th Annual Academy Awards (1974) uncredited guest
- Linda Lovelace for President (1975)
- Deep Throat Part II (1974) as Nurse Lovelace
- Sexual Ecstasy of the Macumba (1975) as Linda
- Linda Lovelace: The E! True Hollywood Story (2000)
- Inside Deep Throat (2005) archive footage
Books
Boreman, has been the subject of five authorized biographies:
- Inside Linda Lovelace (1974) ISBN 0-902826-11-5
- The Intimate Diary of Linda Lovelace (1974) ISBN 0-523-00394-3
- Ordeal (1980) ISBN 0-517-42791-5
- Out of Bondage (1986) ISBN 0-425-10650-0
- The Complete Linda Lovelace (2001) ISBN 0-9705502-0-0
References
See also
- wikipedia:Linda (coordination language) a computer programming language with a name derived from Linda Lovelace
External links
- Linda Lovelace retrospective
- The Complete Linda Lovelace
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